OWNERSHIP AND MANAGEMENT INFORMATION

Ownership and Management Information

1. Owner, Publisher, and Management

Universitas Bakti Tunas Husada is the institutional owner of the journal. Publication and management are undertaken through LPPM in accordance with the university's official mandate. Academic units collaborating in journal management are openly identified in the journal profile.

Ownership of the journal does not, in itself, confer copyright ownership of its articles. Copyright and article use are governed by the journal's copyright and licensing policies.

2. Responsibilities of the Institution and LPPM

The university and LPPM are responsible for providing institutional support, appointing journal management personnel, and coordinating the continuity of publication.

This support includes administration, technological infrastructure, archiving, capacity building for journal management personnel, and evaluation of governance within their respective areas of authority.

3. Editorial Responsibilities

The Editor-in-Chief is responsible for editorial direction, content quality, and implementation of publication policies. The editorial team manages manuscript screening, reviewer assignments, revisions, and editorial decisions.

Reviewers provide scientific assessments and recommendations. The authorized editor is responsible for the final decision to accept or reject a manuscript.

The secretariat and technical management personnel handle administration, communication, production, and system maintenance in accordance with their assigned responsibilities.

4. Editorial Independence

Manuscript decisions are based on relevance, scientific quality, reliability of the evidence, peer review findings, and ethical compliance.

The owner, publisher, institutional leaders, sponsors, and other supporting parties must not direct the acceptance or rejection of a particular article to serve institutional, personal, or commercial interests.

Affiliation with the university that owns the journal does not confer preferential treatment in manuscript acceptance. Manuscripts submitted by journal management personnel or editors are handled through an independent process in accordance with the Conflict of Interest Policy.

5. Information Transparency

The journal displays the names and affiliations of the Editor-in-Chief and editorial team members on the Editorial Team page. The secretariat's address and official communication channels are provided on the Contact page.

Sources of support, publication fees, if any, and relevant collaborations are disclosed on the corresponding pages. This information is updated whenever changes occur.

6. Complaints and Accountability

Complaints concerning journal management must be submitted through the journal's official contact channels. Complaints involving editors are handled without the participation of parties who have a conflict of interest.

If a complaint involves the Editor-in-Chief, the publisher appoints an independent person to take responsibility for handling it. Assessment follows the journal's complaints and publication ethics policies.

7. Changes in Ownership or Management

Changes in the owner, publisher, management unit, or editorial structure are publicly announced on the journal's website.

Management transitions must take account of continuity of archive access, document security, authors' rights, peer review confidentiality, and the completion of manuscripts under consideration.

8. Effective Date

This statement takes effect on the date announced by the journal and is reviewed periodically to ensure alignment with institutional documents and actual management practices.