INTERAKSI OBAT PADA PASIEN SINDROM KORONER AKUT DI RSUD KOTA BANJAR

Abstract

The prevalence of acute coronary syndrome disease in Indonesia at 2016 reached 36.3% of the total deaths in Indonesia. In some cases of acute coronary syndrome accompanied by comorbidities, in one prescription using several drugs simultaneously to get the expected therapeutic results. However, the concurrent use of these drugs can result in drug related problems that can affect the patient's therapeutic outcome. The purpose of this study was to determine the profile of acute coronary syndrome drug use and to determine the potential for drug interactions in acute coronary syndrome patients in the inpatient installation of Banjar City Hospital. The research method used is observational research with a descriptive approach and data collection is done retrospectively. The sample used was the medical records of patients with acute coronary syndrome who were hospitalized at the Banjar City Hospital in January-December 2021 as many as 50 patients. Sampling method using purposive sampling technique. The data is processed using Microsoft Excel software and then classified based on the severity of the interactions that occur. The results obtained were that the most widely used acute coronary syndrome drugs were the antiplatelet group as much as 43%, after that the nitrate group was 19%, statins were 16%, anticoagulants were 8%, ACE inhibitors were 6%, beta blockers were 5%, CCBs as much as 2%, and anti angina as much as 1%. The number of patients who have the potential to experience drug interactions are 50 patients or 100%. Of all the drugs, there were 321 potential drug interactions, of which 22% were minor severity, 67% moderate severity, and 11% major severity.

ABSTRAK
Penyakit Sindrom Koroner Akut (SKA) menyumbang sebanyak 36,3% dari total kematian di Indonesia. Pasien SKA seringkali memiliki kondisi penyakit penyerta lain, yang mengharuskan pemberian 2 hingga 5 jenis obat dalam mencapai hasil terapi yang diinginkan. Penggunaan obat secara bersamaan dapat menimbulkan interaksi obat yang dapat memengaruhi efektivitas terapi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi interaksi obat pada pasien SKA yang dirawat inap di RSUD Kota Banjar. Penelitian deskriptif observasional retrospektif dilakukan dengan mengamati rekam medis 50 pasien SKA yang dirawat di rumah sakit tersebut dari Januari hingga Desember 2021. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa semua pasien yang diteliti berisiko mengalami interaksi obat dengan total 321 kejadian potensi interaksi obat. Dari interaksi tersebut, 67% tergolong dalam kategori interaksi obat dengan tingkat keparahan moderat. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa interaksi obat pada semua pasien SKA yang dirawat di RSUD Kota Banjar selama periode tersebut, perpotensi terjadi pada semua pasien dengan lebih dari separuhnya menimbulkan efek yang tidak diinginkan pada tingkat moderat.