Aktivitas Antibakteri Kitosan dari Cangkang Lobster Air Tawar (Cherax quadricarinatus) terhadap Staphylococcus aureu
Abstrak
Freshwater lobster shells contain chitin which can be used as an ingredient for making chitosan. Chitosan is a polysaccharide that has the potential to inhibit bacterial growth. Objective: To study the activity of chitosan from freshwater crayfish shells as an antibacterial against Staphylococcus aureus. Methods: This research was conducted by isolating chitosan from freshwater crayfish shells through four stages, namely deproteination, demineralization, depigmentation, and deacetylation. The chitosan formed was analyzed using an FTIR Spectrophotometer. The chitosan from the analysis was then tested for its activity against Staphylococcus aureus with the activity equivalence test method using Tetracycline HCl as a comparison. Results: The yields obtained from refining chitin into chitosan include deproteination (94.12%), demineralization (60.85%), depigmentation (51.35%), deacetylation (18.82%). The results of the characteristics of the FTIR spectrophotometer showed the Deacetylation Degree (DD) of chitosan based on the baseline method of 63.36%. Based on the results of testing the activity of chitosan from crayfish shells, around the hole there is a clear zone ranging from a concentration of 30% to 100% which indicates that chitosan from crayfish shells has an antibacterial inhibitory power at the smallest concentration at 30% and the minimum inhibitory concentration is 29%. The concentration of chitosan 29% w/v can inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. In the equivalence test of freshwater crayfish shell chitosan activity, a concentration of 29% w/v of chitosan from freshwater crayfish shells had antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus which was equivalent to the standard concentration of Tetracycline HCl = 21.9796 µg/mL. Conclusion: Chitosan from freshwater crayfish shells has antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus at a minimum concentration of 29%.Referensi
Agustina, S., Swantara, I. and Suartha, I.
(2015) ‘Isolasi Kitin, Karakterisasi, Dan
Sintesis Kitosan Dari Kulit Udang’,
Jurnal Kimia, 9(2), pp. 271–278.
Azizati, Z. (2019) ‘Pembuatan Dan
Karakterisasi Kitosan Kulit Udang
Galah’, Walisongo Journal of
Chemistry, 2(1), p. 10.
Budiman, A. et al. (2015) ‘Activity Test of
Lemon Essential Oil (Citrus limon
Burm.) Shampoo Gel as Antidandruff
against Fungus Malassezia sp.’,
Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutical
Science and Technology, 2(2), pp. 68–
Budiman, A., Rusnawan, D. W. and Yuliana,
A. (2018) ‘Antibacterial activity of piper
betle L. Extract in cream dosage forms
against Staphylococcus aureus and
propionibacterium acne’, Journal of
Pharmaceutical Sciences and
Research, 10(3), pp. 493–496.
Iskandar Kanna, 2006, Lobster (Pembenihan,
Penangkapan, Pembesaran) Kasinus,
Yogyakarta.Jakarta : binarupa aksara
:hal :103.
Magani, A. K., Tallei, T. E. and Kolondam, B.
J. (2020) ‘Uji Antibakteri Nanopartikel
Kitosan terhadap Pertumbuhan Bakteri
Staphylococcus aureus dan
Escherichia coli.’, Jurnal Bios Logos,
(1), p. 7.
Mardiana, U. et Al. (2021) ‘Isolasi Dan
Karakterisasi Kitosan Pada Kerang
Darah ( Anadara granosa)’, 1, pp. 1–9.
Minda dkk, 2010, Pengaruh Konsentrasi
NaOH dan KOH Terhadap Derajat
Dasetilasi Kitin Dari Limbah Kulit
Udang Jurusan Kimia FMIPA
Universitas Negeri Padang. Petasik,
Pembenihan Lobster Air Tawar
Lokal Papua.Penebar swadaya.
Jakarta.
Purnavita, S. and Rahayu, L. H. (2007)
‘Optimasi Pembuatan Kitosan Dari Kitin
Limbah Cangkang Rajungan (Portunus
pelagicus) Untuk Adsorben Ion Logam
Merkuri’, Reaktor, 11(1), pp. 45–49.
Rismawati, Hasri and Sudding (2020)
‘Kitosan Asetat Cangkang Bekicot
(Achatina Fulica) Sebagai Antibakteri
Pada Kain Katun’, Jurnal Sainsmat,
(1), pp. 45–56.
