PENGARUH SONIKATOR PROBE TERHADAP FORMULASI NANOSTRUCTURED LIPID CARRIERS KURKUMIN MENGGUNAKAN LIPID PADAT PRECIROL®
EFFECT OF PROBE SONICATOR ON CURCUMIN NANOSTRUCTURED LIPID CARRIERS USING PRECIROL® SOLID LIPIDS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36465/jkbth.v25i1.1451Keywords:
Nanostructured Lipid Carriers, Kurkumin, AGAAbstract
Androgenetic Alopecia (AGA) merupakan jenis kebotakan yang sering terjadi pada pria dan wanita yang dipengaruhi oleh hormon dihidrotestosteron (DHT). Minoksidil dan finasterid merupakan terapi umum untuk pengobatan AGA. Namun, minoksidil dan finasterid dapat menyebabkan efek samping dermatologis seperti iritasi kulit, ruam, dan dermatitis kontak alergi maka diperlukan pengobatan alternatif untuk mengurangi efek samping yang ditimbulkan. Kurkumin dipilih karena efek antiandrogeniknya yang dapat menghambat steroid 5-alpha reductase sehingga dapat menurunkan hormon DHT yang berlebih dalam tubuh. Namun, kurkumin ini memiliki banyak keterbatasan diantaranya sukar larut dalam air, bioavailabilitas yang rendah, log P 2,56-3,29 dan mudah terdegradasi sehingga efektivitas pengobatan tidak optimal. Oleh sebab itu, diperlukan suatu sistem penghantaran obat yang tepat seperti Nanostructured Lipid Carriers (NLC) sehingga dapat meningkatkan efektivitas biologisnya. NLC merupakan generasi kedua nanocarrier lipid yang memiliki keunggulan dalam meningkatkan solubilitas, stabilitas, dan kapasitas pemuatan obat dibandingkan dengan Solid Lipid Nanoparticle (SLN). Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk memformulasikan NLC kurkumin menggunakan Glyceryl palmitostearate, Capric triglyceride dengan 2 jenis surfaktan yang berbeda yaitu PEG-40 hydrogenated castor oil dan Decyl Glucoside. Metode penelitian yang digunakan untuk pembuatan NLC kurkumin ini yaitu high shear homogenization/sonicator probe yang dapat menghasilkan gelombang suara yang tinggi menyebabkan kavitasi sehingga ukuran partikel menjadi lebih kecil dan menciptakan gerakan turbulen yang dapat mempercepat proses pencampuran. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa NLC kurkumin dengan menggunakan surfaktan PEG-40 hydrogenated castor oil dan Decyl Glucoside memiliki karakteristik yang sesuai dengan ukuran partikel <400 nm, potensial zeta > ±20 mV, efisiensi penjerapan >80%, dan morfologi sferis. Dengan demikian, diharapkan NLC kurkumin dapat meningkatkan stabilitas dan bioavailabilitas kurkumin untuk memaksimalkan efektivitas pengobatan AGA.
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