Formulasi Serum Anti-aging Dan Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Daun Sirih Cina (Peperomia pellucida L.) Yang Terdekolorisasi
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36465/jkbth.v26i2.1949Keywords:
DPPH, FRAP, flavonoid, dekoloriasi, radikal bebasAbstract
Radikal bebas merupakan salah satu pemicu stres oksidatif yang dapat menyebabkan kerusakan sel dan penuaan dini pada kulit. Daun sirih cina (Peperomia pellucida L.) diketahui memiliki kandungan metabolit sekunder berupa flavonoid yang berpotensi sebagai antioksidan alami. Ekstrak daun sirih cina umumnya memiliki warna gelap akibat kandungan klorofil yang dapat menurunkan nilai estetika jika diformulasikan ke dalam sediaan kosmetik seperti serum, sehingga diperlukan proses dekolorisasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan nilai IC50 antioksidan ekstrak etanol daun sirih cina sebelum dan sesudah dekolorisasi, memformulasikan ekstrak tersebut ke dalam sediaan serum anti-aging, serta mengevaluasi stabilitas fisik dan aktivitas antioksidannya. Ekstraksi dilakukan menggunakan metode maserasi dengan pelarut etanol 70%, dilanjutkan dengan proses dekolorisasi metode ekstraksi cair-cair menggunakan pelarut n-heksana, dan pengeringan beku (freeze drying). Uji aktivitas antioksidan dilakukan menggunakan metode DPPH dan FRAP. Ekstrak hasil dekolorisasi kemudian diformulasikan ke dalam basis serum dengan konsentrasi 0,10% (F1), 0,16% (F2), dan 0,21% (F3). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa proses dekolorisasi mampu meningkatkan aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak dengan nilai IC50 DPPH sebesar 104,77 ppm (sedang) dan FRAP sebesar 184,85 ppm (lemah). Evaluasi fisik menunjukkan Formula 3 (F3) merupakan formula terbaik yang memenuhi syarat mutu organoleptik, homogenitas, daya sebar, pH, viskositas, dan rheologi. Namun, setelah diformulasikan menjadi serum, aktivitas antioksidan F3 menurun menjadi sangat lemah (IC50 295,19 ppm), yang diduga akibat paparan proses formulasi dan peningkatan pH sediaan. Proses dekolorisasi dapat meningkatkan potensi antioksidan ekstrak, dan sediaan serum F3 memenuhi kriteria stabilitas fisik yang baik meski aktivitas penangkal radikal bebasnya menurun.
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